The anatomic basis of vascular compression of the duodenum.

Compression of the third or fourth part of the duodenum by the superior mesenteric artery or one of its branches is the anatomic basis for many cases of duodenal obstruction. Various names have been applied: superior mesenteric artery syndrome, Wilkie's disease, and arteriomesenteric ileus. Fluctuation in reported prevalence and the frequent association with neurosis have produced occasional skepticism as to its objective existence. We believe it to be a real disease entity with an anatomic basis best described by the name vascular compression of the duodenum.